71.040.30 (Chemical reagents) 标准查询与下载

ASTM F726-99 吸附剂的吸附性能试验

1.1 This method covers laboratory tests which describe the performance of adsorbents in removing nonemulsified oils and other floating, immiscible liquids from the surface of water.

Standard Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents

ASTM D4164-99 成型催化剂和催化剂载体的机械压实后堆集密度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped density of formed catalyst and catalyst carriers. For the purpose of this test method, catalyst particles are defined as extrudates, spheres, or formed pellets of 0.8 to 4.8-mm ( 1/32 to 3/16-in.) nominal diameter. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Formed Catalyst and Catalyst Carriers

ASTM D4512-99 粉状和细颗粒催化剂振动表观存储密度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst carrier powders smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Vibrated Apparent Packing Density of Fine Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier Particles and Powder

ASTM D4781-99 精制催化剂粒子和催化剂载体粒子的机械抽头衬料密度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanically tapped packing density of fine catalyst and catalyst carrier particles smaller than 0.8 mm in diameter. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Mechanically Tapped Packing Density of Fine Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carrier Particles

ASTM D3467-99 活性碳的四氯化碳活性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the activation level of activated carbon. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl ) activity is defined herein as the ratio (in percent) of the weight of CCl adsorbed by an activated carbon sample to the weight of the sample, when the carbon is saturated with CCl under conditions listed in this test method. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Carbon Tetrachloride Activity of Activated Carbon

ASTM D3908-99 容量真空法测定以氧化铝为载体的铂催化剂氢化学吸附性的试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the chemisorption of hydrogen at 298 K (25176C) on supported platinum catalysts that have been reduced in flowing hydrogen at 723 K (450176C). It incorporates a static volumetric vacuum technique at constant volume. 1.2 The test method is intended for use on unused supported platinum on alumina catalysts of loadings greater than 0.3 weight %. Data on other supports and lower platinum loadings were not tested. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Chemisorption on Supported Platinum on Alumina Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers By Volumetric Vacuum Method

ASTM D4180-99 成型催化剂的振动存储密度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the vibratory packing density of formed catalyst and catalyst carriers. For the purpose of this test, catalyst particles are defined as extrudates, spheres, or formed pellets of 0.8 to 4.8-mm ( 1/32 to 3/16-in.) nominal diameter. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Vibratory Packing Density of Formed Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carriers

ASTM D2867-99 活性碳湿度的试验方法

1.1 These test methods provide two procedures for the determination of the moisture content of activated carbon. The procedures may also be used to dry samples required for other tests. The oven-drying method is used when water is the only volatile material present and is in significant quantities, and the activated carbon is not heat-sensitive (some activated carbons can ignite spontaneously at temperatures as low as 150176C). The xylene-extraction method is used when a carbon is known or suspected to be heat sensitive or to contain nonwater-miscible organic compounds instead of or in addition to water. The oven-drying method described in these test methods may be used as the reference for development of instrumental techniques for moisture determination in activated carbon. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon

ASTM D3663-99 催化剂的表面面积的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of surface areas of catalyst and catalyst carriers that have Type II or IV nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and at least 1 m /g of area. A volumetric measuring system is used to obtain at least four data points which fit on the linear BET line. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Surface Area of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers

ASTM D4567-99 连续流动法单点测定用氮吸附的催化剂和催化剂载体比表面积的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the single-point determination of the surface area of catalysts and catalyst carriers that exhibit Type II or Type IV nitrogen adsorption isotherms using a nitrogen-helium flowing gas mixture. This test method is applicable for the determination of total surface areas from 0.1 to 300 m , where rapid surface area determinations are desired. 1.2 Since the single-point method uses an approximation of the BET equation, the multipoint BET method (D3663) is preferred to the single-point method. 1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Single-Point Determination of Specific Surface Area of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers Using Nitrogen Adsorption by Continuous Flow Method

ASTM D5029-98(2004) 活性碳中水可溶物的标准试验方法

In certain applications, the ash, color, conductivity, or pH of the finished activated carbon product may be influenced by the quantity of water solubles it contains. This water solubles test provides a relative indication of the quantity of soluble materials that may be extracted from various activated carbons. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water soluble content of (unused) granular and powdered activated carbons. Water solubles are materials that can be extracted by distilled water under reflux conditions and are expressed as a percentage of dry carbon weight.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Water Solubles in Activated Carbon

ASTM D5029-98 活性碳中水可溶物的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water soluble content of new (virgin, unused) granular and powdered activated carbons. Water solubles are materials that can be extracted by distilled water under reflux conditions and are expressed as a percentage of dry carbon weight. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.

Standard Test Method for Water Solubles in Activated Carbon

ASTM D5029-98(2014) 活性碳中水可溶物的标准试验方法

5.1 In certain applications, the ash, color, conductivity, or pH of the finished activated carbon product may be influenced by the quantity of water solubles it contains. This water solubles test provides a relative indication of the quantity of soluble materials that may be extracted from various activated carbons. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water soluble content of (unused) granular and powdered activated carbons. Water solubles are materials that can be extracted by distilled water under reflux conditions and are expressed as a percentage of dry carbon weight. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Water Solubles in Activated Carbon

ASTM D5357-98 用X射线衍射法测定沸石钠相对结晶度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the relative crystallinity of zeolite sodium A (zeolite NaA) using selected peaks from the X-ray diffraction pattern of the zeolite. 1.2 The term "intensity of an X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) peak" refers to the "integral intensity," either the area of counts under the peak or the product of the peak height and the peak width at half height. 1.3 This test method provides a number that is the ratio of intensity of portions of the XRD pattern of the sample to intensity of the corresponding portion of the pattern of a reference zeolite NaA. The intensity ratio, expressed as a percentage, is then labeled "% XRD intensity/NaA." 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Relative Crystallinity of Zeolite Sodium A by X-Ray Diffraction

ASTM E200-97(2001)e1 化学分析用试剂溶液的制备、标准化和贮存的标准操作规程

The accuracy of many analytical measurements is dependent upon the manner in which the standard solutions are prepared and stored, and the accuracy with which they are standardized. Combining the methods recommended for the preparation and handling of such solutions into one practice eliminates the necessity for covering such details in all of the methods wherein the solutions are used.1.1 This practice covers procedures for the preparation, standardization, and storage of the standard volumetric solutions and reagent testing solutions commonly used in chemical analysis.1.2 The information in this practice is arranged as follows: SectionsReferenced Documents2Terminology3Significance and Use4Apparatus5Temperature effects6Measurements7Reagents8Concentration of solutions9Mixing of solutions10Storage of solutions11Preparation and standardization of solutions12Precision and Bias13Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.02 to 1.0 N 14 to 19Hydrochloric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 N20 to 28Sulfuric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 N29 to 33Hydrochloric acid, special 1 N34 to 38Sulfuric acid, special 1 N39 to 43Silver nitrate solution, 0.1 N44 to 48Ammonium thiocyanate solution, 0.1 N49 to 53Iodine solution, 0.1 N54 to 58Sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.1 N59 to 63Potassium permanganate solution, 0.1 N 64 to 68Potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 N69 to 73Methanolic sodium hydroxide solution, 0.5 N 74 to 79Ceric sulfate solution, 0.1 N80 to 84Acetous perchloric acid, 0.1 N85 to 89Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, 0.05 M90 to 94Standard ion solutions95Nonstandardized reagent solutions and indicator solutions961.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this practice.

Standard Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis

ASTM D4481-97 活性铝基催化剂中总镍含量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of nickel in fresh alumina-base catalysts and has been cooperatively tested at nickel concentrations from 2.5 to 60 weight %, expressed as nickel oxide (NiO). 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.

Standard Test Method for Total Nickel in Fresh Alumina-Base Catalysts

ASTM D4058-96(2011)e1 催化剂及载体磨耗性的标准试验方法

This test method is considered to be a measure of the propensity of a catalyst to produce fines in the course of transportation, handling, and use. However, there is no absolute level of acceptability. The values obtained are significant principally in relation to values for other materials (or other samples of the same material) of comparable size.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the attrition and abrasion resistance of catalysts and catalyst carriers. It is applicable to tablets, extrudate, spheres, and irregularly shaped particles larger than about 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) and smaller than about 3/4 in. (19 mm). The materials used in developing the method exhibited losses on attrition less than 7 %; however, the method should be applicable to materials giving much higher attritions. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Attrition and Abrasion of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers

ASTM D4463-96(2001) 淡水分裂催化剂的金属自由蒸汽去活化作用标准指南

1.1 This guide covers the deactivation of fresh fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst by hydrothermal treatment prior to the determination of the catalytic cracking activity in the microactivity test (MAT).1.2 The hydrothermal treatment of fresh FCC catalyst, prior to the MAT, is important because the catalytic activity of the catalyst in its fresh state is an inadequate measure of its true commercial performance. During operation in a commercial cracking unit, the catalyst is deactivated by thermal, hydrothermal and chemical degradation. Therefore, to maintain catalytic activity, fresh catalyst is added (semi) continuously to the cracking unit, to replace catalyst lost through the stack or by withdrawal, or both. Under steady state conditions, the catalyst inventory of the unit is called" equilibrium catalyst;" this catalyst has an activity level substantially below that of fresh catalyst. Therefore, artificially deactivating a fresh catalyst prior to determination of its cracking activity should provide more meaningful catalyst performance data.1.3 Due to the large variations in properties among fresh FCC catalyst types as well as between commercial cracking unit designs and/or operating conditions, no single set of steam deactivation conditions is adequate to artificially simulate the equilibrium catalyst for all purposes.1.3.1 In addition, there are many other factors that will influence the properties and performance of the equilibrium catalyst. These include, but are not limited to: deposition of heavy metals such as Ni, V, Cu; deposition of light metals such as Na; contamination from attrited refractory linings of vessel walls. Furthermore, commercially derived equilibrium catalyst represents a distribution of catalysts of different ages (from fresh to > 300 days). Despite these apparent problems, it is possible to obtain reasonably close agreement between the performance of steam deactivated and equilibrium catalysts. It is also recognized that it is possible to steam deactivate a catalyst so that its properties and performance poorly represent the equilibrium. It is therefore recommended that when assessing the performance of different catalyst types, a common steaming condition be used. Catalyst deactivation by metals deposition is not addressed in this guide.1.4 This guide offers two approaches to steam deactivate fresh catalysts. The first part provides specific sets of conditions (time, temperature and steam pressure) that can be used as general pre-treatments prior to comparison of fresh FCC catalyst MAT activities (Test Method D 3907) and selectivities.1.4.1 The second part provides guidance on how to pretreat catalysts to simulate their deactivation in a specific FCCU and suggests catalyst properties which can be used to judge adequacy of the simulation. This technique is especially useful when examining how different types of catalyst may perform in a specific FCCU, provided no other changes (catalyst addition rate, regenerator temperature, contaminant metals levels, etc.) occur. This approach covers catalyst physical properties that can be used as monitors to indicate the closeness to equilibrium catalyst properties.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Metals Free Steam Deactivation of Fresh Fluid Cracking Catalysts

ASTM D4463-96(2006) 淡水分裂催化剂的金属自由蒸汽去活化作用标准指南

In general, steam treatment of FCC catalyst can be used either to compare a series of cracking catalysts at a simulated equilibrium condition or conditions, or to simulate the equilibrium condition of a specific cracking unit and a specific catalyst. This guide gives an example for the first purpose and an approach for the latter purpose.1.1 This guide covers the deactivation of fresh fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst by hydrothermal treatment prior to the determination of the catalytic cracking activity in the microactivity test (MAT).1.2 The hydrothermal treatment of fresh FCC catalyst, prior to the MAT, is important because the catalytic activity of the catalyst in its fresh state is an inadequate measure of its true commercial performance. During operation in a commercial cracking unit, the catalyst is deactivated by thermal, hydrothermal and chemical degradation. Therefore, to maintain catalytic activity, fresh catalyst is added (semi) continuously to the cracking unit, to replace catalyst lost through the stack or by withdrawal, or both. Under steady state conditions, the catalyst inventory of the unit is called equilibrium catalyst. This catalyst has an activity level substantially below that of fresh catalyst. Therefore, artificially deactivating a fresh catalyst prior to determination of its cracking activity should provide more meaningful catalyst performance data.1.3 Due to the large variations in properties among fresh FCC catalyst types as well as between commercial cracking unit designs or operating conditions, or both, no single set of steam deactivation conditions is adequate to artificially simulate the equilibrium catalyst for all purposes.1.3.1 In addition, there are many other factors that will influence the properties and performance of the equilibrium catalyst. These include, but are not limited to: deposition of heavy metals such as Ni, V, Cu; deposition of light metals such as Na; contamination from attrited refractory linings of vessel walls. Furthermore, commercially derived equilibrium catalyst represents a distribution of catalysts of different ages (from fresh to >300 days). Despite these apparent problems, it is possible to obtain reasonably close agreement between the performances of steam deactivated and equilibrium catalysts. It is also recognized that it is possible to steam deactivate a catalyst so that its properties and performance poorly represent the equilibrium. It is therefore recommended that when assessing the performance of different catalyst types, a common steaming condition be used. Catalyst deactivation by metals deposition is not addressed in this guide.1.4 This guide offers two approaches to steam deactivate fresh catalysts. The first part provides specific sets of conditions (time, temperature and steam pressure) that can be used as general pre-treatments prior to comparison of fresh FCC catalyst MAT activities (Test Method D 3907) or activities plus selectivities (Test Method D 5154).1.4.1 The second part provides guidance on how to pretreat catalysts to simulate their deactivation in a specific FCCU and suggests catalyst properties which can be used to judge adequacy of the simulation. This technique is especially useful when examining how different types of catalyst may perform in a specific FCCU, provided no other changes (catalyst addition rate, regenerator temperature, contaminant metals levels, etc.) occur. This approach covers catalyst physical properties that can be used as monitors to indicate the closeness to equilibrium catalyst properties.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices an......

Standard Guide for Metals Free Steam Deactivation of Fresh Fluid Cracking Catalysts

ASTM D4463/D4463M-96(2013)e1 淡水分裂催化剂的金属自由蒸汽去活化作用的标准指南

4.1 In general, steam treatment of FCC catalyst can be used either to compare a series of cracking catalysts at a simulated equilibrium condition or conditions, or to simulate the equilibrium condition of a specific cracking unit and a specific catalyst. This guide gives an example for the first purpose and an approach for the latter purpose. 1.1 This guide covers the deactivation of fresh fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst by hydrothermal treatment prior to the determination of the catalytic cracking activity in the microactivity test (MAT). 1.2 The hydrothermal treatment of fresh FCC catalyst, prior to the MAT, is important because the catalytic activity of the catalyst in its fresh state is an inadequate measure of its true commercial performance. During operation in a commercial cracking unit, the catalyst is deactivated by thermal, hydrothermal and chemical degradation. Therefore, to maintain catalytic activity, fresh catalyst is added (semi) continuously to the cracking unit, to replace catalyst lost through the stack or by withdrawal, or both. Under steady state conditions, the catalyst inventory of the unit is called equilibrium catalyst. This catalyst has an activity level substantially below that of fresh catalyst. Therefore, artificially deactivating a fresh catalyst prior to determination of its cracking activity should provide more meaningful catalyst performance data. 1.3 Due to the large variations in properties among fresh FCC catalyst types as well as between commercial cracking unit designs or operating conditions, or both, no single set of steam deactivation conditions is adequate to artificially simulate the equilibrium catalyst for all purposes. 1.3.1 In addition, there are many other factors that will influence the properties and performance of the equilibrium catalyst. These include, but are not limited to: deposition of heavy metals such as Ni, V, Cu; deposition of light metals such as Na; contamination from attrited refractory linings of vessel walls. Furthermore, commercially derived equilibrium catalyst represents a distribution of catalysts of different ages (from fresh to gt;300 days). Despite these apparent problems, it is possible to obtain reasonably close agreement between the performances of steam deactivated and equilibrium catalysts. It is also recognized that it is possible to steam deactivate a catalyst so that its properties and performance poorly represent the equilibrium. It is therefore recommended that when assessing the performance of different catalyst types, a common steaming condition be used. Catalyst deactivation by metals deposition is not addressed in this guide, but is addressed in Guide D7206/D7206M. 1.4 This guide offers two approaches to steam deactivate fresh catalysts. The first part provides specific sets of conditions (time, temperature and steam pressure) that can be used as general pre-treatments prior to comparison of fresh FCC catalyst MAT activities (Test Method D3907) or activities plus selectivities (Test Method D5154). 1.4.1 The second part provides guidance on how ......

Standard Guide for Metals Free Steam Deactivation of Fresh Fluid Cracking Catalysts